1. Section 5: Supervision
2. Goals
   • Define “success–oriented” philosophy and approach
   • Explain how to begin to develop comprehensive and individualized supervision plans
   • Highlight specific strategies used for supervising juvenile sex offenders
   • Outline ways in which multidisciplinary collaboration can enhance supervision efforts
3. A Success-Oriented Philosophy and Approach
4. Recent Emphasis of Supervision
   • Surveillance
   • Monitoring compliance
   • Deterrence Sanctioning
5. Effectiveness of “Get Tough” Strategies
6. A Balanced Supervision Approach
   • Beyond surveillance, monitoring, deterrence, and sanctioning
   • Emphasizes rehabilitation
   • Successful, productive youth translates into safer communities
7. Effectiveness of Rehabilitation and Success–Focused Strategies
8. What Does It Mean to “Focus on Success?”
   • Ensure that youth meet expectations
   • Hold youth accountable for behaviors
   • Collaborate with others to improve functioning and promote stability of youth
9. Potential Collaborative Partners
   • Treatment providers
   • Parents and/or caregivers
   • Victim Advocates
   • School personnel
   • Youth mentors
   • Faith community members
   • Community volunteers
   • Employers
10. Implications for Supervision Officers
    • Case management role
    • Ongoing communication with providers
    • Actively support youth in treatment
    • Become familiar with “what works” and how it works
11. Developing Supervision Plans
12. Supervision Case Plans
    • Guided by
      • Risk and needs
      • Strengths and assets
      • Environmental factors
      • Needs of victims and vulnerable parties
13. Standard Supervision Conditions
    • Curfew restrictions
    • Drug testing
    • Prohibitions against associations with delinquent peers
    • School attendance
    • Reporting requirements
    • Community service Restitution
14. Specialized Conditions
    • Internet or computer restrictions
    • Limits on TV programming and video games
    • Prior approval of extracurricular and employment activities
    • Restrictions on contact with victims or other vulnerable individuals
    • Follow all treatment recommendations
15. Examples of Approach Goals
    • Participate in prosocial recreational and leisure activities
    • Achieve and maintain positive school adjustment
    • Establish positive peer groups
    • Secure appropriate employment
16. Collaboration Enhances Supervision Planning
• Access key information from multiple sources
• Cover all bases
• Increased awareness of changes over time
17. Matching Supervision Intensity with Level of Risk and Needs
    • Virginia Department of Juvenile Justice Supervision Matrix
18. High, Moderate, or Low Risk?
    • Structured determination based on
      • Interviews of and information from the juvenile, family/caregivers, and others
      • Review of written information collected
      • Department of Juvenile Justice risk assessment tool
      • J-SOAP-II and CANS-SD results
      • Psychosexual and psychological evaluations
      • Sex Offender Risk Checklist
19. Accompanying Contact Requirements
    • Level 5
      • 3 or more face-to-face contacts per week
    • Level 4
      • 2 or more face-to-face contacts per week
    • Level 3
      • 1 or more face-to-face contacts per week
    • Level 2
      • 1 or more face-to-face contacts every other week
    • Level 1
      • 1 or more face-to-face contacts per month
20. Supervision Strategies
21. Community Support Networks
    • Serve as role models
    • Engage juveniles in positive social interactions and activities
    • Provide positive reinforcement
    • Help youth to use skills learned in treatment
    • Monitor and respond to high risk behaviors and situations
    • Communicate openly with supervision officers about progress and problems
22. Challenges with Involving Parents
    • Feeling overwhelmed by “the system”
    • Multiple, confusing, duplicative expectations
    • History of negative encounters with the system
    • Professionals’ assumptions about and responses to families
    • Stigma associated with sex offending
    • Less than ideal family dynamics
    • Having to “choose” one child over another
23. Tips for Engaging Parents
    • Be patient Educate
    • Normalize denial and resistance
    • Process the contributors to denial and resistance
    • Provide information Identify common ground and common goals
    • Offer education classes and support groups – or make referrals to them
24. Initial Contacts in the Office Setting
    • Establish a positive rapport
    • Review all paperwork
    • Make referrals to appropriate providers
    • Allow time for questions
25. Ongoing Contacts in the Office Setting
    • Identify other community support network members
    • Review and modify the case plan
    • Discuss management of risk factors and lapses
    • Inquire about successes
    • Check in about treatment progress
    • Verify information provided by others
26. Conducting Home Visits
    • Observe family member interactions
    • Evaluate environmental risk factors
    • Consider access to victims and vulnerable individuals
    • Review safety plans
    • “Check in” with parents/caregivers and others about all spheres of youth’s life
      • School and homework
      • Peers
      • Compliance with curfew
      • Recreation and leisure
      • Behavior
27. Working with the Schools
    • Policy-driven approach
    • Specialized training
    • Inclusion of school personnel as community support network members
    • Individualized school management plans
28. Benefits of Specialized Caseloads
    • Youth supervised by experienced and knowledgeable officers
    • Consistent and informed policies, procedures, and practices
    • Tend to be smaller
    • Positive working relationships between officers and treatment providers
    • Increased officer knowledge about local programs and resources
29. Challenges of Specialized Caseloads
• Can cause problems or burdens for others (e.g., larger general caseloads)
• Not always practical
• Risk of burnout and secondary trauma
• Difficulties identifying willing and competent staff
30. Resources
• Association for the Treatment of Sexual Abusers (ATSA)
  • www.atsa.com
• National Adolescent Perpetrators Network (NAPN) Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention (OJJDP)
  • www.ojjdp.ncjrs.gov
• National Council of Juvenile and Family Court Judges (NCJFCJ)
  • www.ncjfcj.org
• Center for Sex Offender Management (CSOM)
  • www.csom.org
• National Center on Sexual Behavior of Youth (NCSBY)
  • www.ncsby.org
31. Use of the Polygraph in Supervision
    • Recognize limitations and controversies
    • Limit to stable youth over the age of 14
    • Informed consent
    • Not a “silver bullet”
32. Factors to Consider when Responding to Violations
    • Seriousness of the behavior
    • Risk level
    • Degree to which community safety was jeopardized
    • Whether the juvenile disclosed his behavior
33. Factors to Consider (Continued)
    • How much responsibility the youth is taking
    • Family considerations
      • Level of awareness
      • Willingness to support
    • Presence of assets and services in the community
34. Responding to Violations
    • Taking steps to prevent them is more effective than responding after the fact
    • Individualization is critical
    • The more options the better
    • Intermediate sanctions should become progressively more severe for ongoing non-compliance
35. Responding to Violations (Continued)
    • Don’t ignore problems
    • Get to the bottom of a violation before responding
    • Ensure that juveniles are aware of the consequences
    • Empower officers to take immediate and appropriate action
    • Written guidelines can be helpful
    • Collaboration is key
36. Summary
37. Key Points
    • Success as means of public safety
    • Comprehensive, individualized, and fluid supervision plans
    • Specialized strategies
    • Multidisciplinary collaboration